Portal hypertension physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

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Physical Examination

Symptoms of portal hypertension include splenomegaly, caput medusae, and thrombocytopenia.

Abdomen

• Ascites (free fluid in the peritoneal cavity)
• Splenomegaly (enlargement of the spleen) with consequent sequestration there in of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, together leading to mild pancytopenia
• Portacaval anastomoses - Hemorrhoids, caput medusae posing an ongoing risk of life-threatening hemorrhage.

Neurologic

• Hepatic encephalopathy