Diabetic ketoacidosis laboratory findings
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Laboratory Findings
- {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="3" |Laboratory findings in type 1 diabetes based on presentation |- | | |Diabetic Ketoacidosis |- | rowspan="12" |Blood |Glucose |Random glucose sugar is more then 250 mg/dl |- |HbA1c |Not applicable |- |CBC with differential |Mildly elevated with normal differential |- |Basic metabolic panel |Serum bicarbonate < 18 mEq/L Serum Sodium: Often normal or elevated Serum Phosphate: Often normal or elevated Serum Potassium: Often normal or elevated |- |Serum creatinine |Often elevated |- |Serum calicum |Decreased |- |Serum amylase |Mildly elevated |- |Serum lipase |Normal |- |Serum osmorality |Normal |- |Serum ketones |High |- |Anion gap |High |- |Arterial blood gas |Metabolic acidosis, compensated by respiratory alkalosis |- | rowspan="2" |Urine |Glucose |Often present |- |Ketones |Present |} There are two different tests your doctor can use to determine whether you have pre-diabetes or diabetes: the fasting plasma glucose test (FPG) or the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The blood glucose levels measured after these tests determine whether you have a normal metabolism, or whether you have pre-diabetes or diabetes. If your blood glucose level is abnormal following the FPG, you have impaired fasting glucose (IFG); if your blood glucose level is abnormal following the OGTT, you have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).
- The patient with medical history of diabetes, during an illness such as pneumonia, heart attack, stroke or pregnancy has a Blood sugar level higher than 240 mg/dl.
- Higer blood ketone level
- Arterial blood gas: When diabetic ketoacidosis occurs, the blood will become acidic (acidosis). This can damage organs throughout the body.
- Urinalysis：Sugar and ketone can be checked in urin of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis.*Additional tests, such as a chest x-ray or a electrocardiogram, may be needed to help the doctor determine what triggered the episode of diabetic ketoacidosis or what damage the ketoacidosis may have caused.