Bursitis physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [2]

Overview

Physical examination of patients with bursitis is usually remarkable for redness, swelling, reduced range of motion, and warmth over involved joint. However, physical examination may be varies based on bursitis subtypes.

Physical examination

Type of Bursitis	Physical examination	Maneuver
Subacromial bursitis	Redness, swelling, and warmth over the shoulder Shoulder stiffness Lateral or anterior shoulder tenderness on palpation Reduced active range of motion (ROM) with decreased elevation, internal rotation and abduction	Speed’s test (not specific) Neer’s test (not specific) Empty beer can test (help to differentiate from supraspinatus tendinitis) Impingement test (also positive in rotator cuff injury) Glenohumeral abduction
Olecranon bursitis	Abrasion or contusion of skin (in a case of trauma) Swelling, at the posterior elbow Goose egg appearance over the olecranon process Tenderness for palpation at the affected site Systematic inflammatory processes Fever Rheumatoid nodules
Trochanteric bursitis	Tenderness at lateral hip, aggravated by active and passive external rotation and abduction Lateral hip pain on direct palpation Weakness of the hip-abductors	Ober's_Test (reduced range of motion was significant) Resistance test (pain and tenderness with resisting at external rotation)
Prepatellar bursitis	Erythema at the affected site (knee) Ususally very large swelling over the knee Tenderness aggravated by bending and stretching the knee Reduced active range of motion (ROM)
Retrocalcaneal bursitis	Swelling at the back of heel Tenderness at the back of heel Painful ankle dorsiflexion

References

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