Acute bronchitis history and symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2]

Overview

Careful history taking and physical examination may lead to specific etiologic findings[1][2]. Symptoms include bronchial irritation symptoms and constitutional symptoms. Cough and dyspnea

History

The patient presents with cough and wheezing that started lately with or without fever. The other symptoms include malaise and myalgia[3]..

Symptoms

Symptoms of acute bronchitisare typically related to irritation of airways. Sometimes, constitutional symptoms presents[3].

1. Bronchial irritation symptoms:

Note that despite common sense,phlegm production does not necessarily indicate bacterial infection[3].

2. Constitutional Symptoms:

Additional Symptoms Based on Different Pathogens[1]

Influenza Virus, Adenovirus

  • Fever, chills, headache, myalgia
Bronchitis caused by Adenovirus may cause systemic and gastroentestinal symptoms.[4]

Parainfluenza Virus

  • Children may present with a hoarse, ringing cough and stridulous, difficult breathing
  • Common in autumn season
  • Common cause of outbreak in nursing homes.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus

  • Common in winter and spring.
  • Family history of exposure to an infant with bronchiolitis is important.

Rhinovirus

  • Mild symptoms

Atypical Bacteria

Bordetella Pertusis

  • Commonly affects young adults
  • Incubation 1-3 weeks
  • Cough lasting > 2 weeks
  • Fever uncommon

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae and Chlamydiae Pneumonia

  • Subacute onset, 2-3 week (helps in differentiating from Influenza)
  • Common in closed environment (military bases, schools, hostels)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wenzel RP, Fowler AA (2006). "Clinical practice. Acute bronchitis". N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (20): 2125–30. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp061493. PMID 17108344.
  2. ↑ Graffelman AW, le Cessie S, Knuistingh Neven A, Wilemssen FE, Zonderland HM, van den Broek PJ (2007). "Can history and exam alone reliably predict pneumonia?". J Fam Pract. 56 (6): 465–70. PMID 17543257.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Albert RH (2010). "Diagnosis and treatment of acute bronchitis". Am Fam Physician. 82 (11): 1345–50. PMID 21121518.
  4. ↑ "Civilian Outbreak of Adenovirus Acute Respiratory Disease -- South Dakota, 1997". Retrieved 2007-10-08.


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