Ischemic stroke classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aysha Anwar, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Classification
Ischemic stroke may be classified according to the duration of onset of symptoms and causative agent. The major classification system of ischemic stroke inlude: [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
- Toast classification system[1]
- Causative classification of stroke system (CCS)[4]
- Sparkle classification of ischemic stroke[3]
| Ischemic stroke | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Based on duration of onset of symptoms | Based on cause | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transient Ischemic stroke (symptoms lasts <24 hrs) | Acute Ischemic stroke (symptoms lasts >24 hrs) | Chronic ischemic stroke | Thrombotic | Embolic[5] 1.Atrial fibrillation | Vasculitic Takayasu arteritis | Systemic hypoperfusion
1.Myocardial infarction | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TOAST classification[1] 1.Large artery atherosclerosis | Arterial thrombosis
1.Carotid artery 2.Vertebral artery 3.Circle of Willis 4.Middle cerbral artery | Venous thrombosis Central venous thrombosis | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Large vessel involvement
1.Atherosclerosis | Small vessel involvement
1.Fibrinoid degeneration | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Adams HP, Bendixen BH, Kappelle LJ, Biller J, Love BB, Gordon DL; et al. (1993). "Classification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke. Definitions for use in a multicenter clinical trial. TOAST. Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment". Stroke. 24 (1): 35–41. PMID 7678184.
- ↑ Adams HP, Biller J (2015). "Classification of subtypes of ischemic stroke: history of the trial of org 10172 in acute stroke treatment classification". Stroke. 46 (5): e114–7. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.114.007773. PMID 25813192.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Bogiatzi C, Wannarong T, McLeod AI, Heisel M, Hackam D, Spence JD (2014). "SPARKLE (Subtypes of Ischaemic Stroke Classification System), incorporating measurement of carotid plaque burden: a new validated tool for the classification of ischemic stroke subtypes". Neuroepidemiology. 42 (4): 243–51. doi:10.1159/000362417. PMID 24862944.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Arsava EM, Ballabio E, Benner T, Cole JW, Delgado-Martinez MP, Dichgans M; et al. (2010). "The Causative Classification of Stroke system: an international reliability and optimization study". Neurology. 75 (14): 1277–84. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181f612ce. PMC 3013495. PMID 20921513.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Montanaro VV, da Silva CM, de Viana Santos CV, Lima MI, Negrão EM, de Freitas GR (2016). "Ischemic stroke classification and risk of embolism in patients with Chagas disease". J Neurol. doi:10.1007/s00415-016-8275-0. PMID 27624118 : 27624118 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Ay H, Furie KL, Singhal A, Smith WS, Sorensen AG, Koroshetz WJ (2005). "An evidence-based causative classification system for acute ischemic stroke". Ann Neurol. 58 (5): 688–97. doi:10.1002/ana.20617. PMID 16240340.
- ↑ McArdle PF, Kittner SJ, Ay H, Brown RD, Meschia JF, Rundek T; et al. (2014). "Agreement between TOAST and CCS ischemic stroke classification: the NINDS SiGN study". Neurology. 83 (18): 1653–60. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000000942. PMC 4223086. PMID 25261504.