Intracerebral hemorrhage causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [2]
Overview
Causes
The two major causes of intracerebral hemorrhage include:[1][2][3][4][5]
- Long-standing hypertension
- Hypertensive vasculopathy
- Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
Other causes of intracerebral hemorrhage include:[1][2][3][4][5]
- Vascular malformations
- Drugs
- Vasculitis
- Bleeding disorders
- Liver disease
- Anticoagulant medication
- Thrombolytic therapy
- Brain tumor
- Hemorrhagic transformation of an ischemic stroke
- Moyamoya disease
- Tumors
- Central nervous system (CNS) infection
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Meretoja A, Strbian D, Putaala J, Curtze S, Haapaniemi E, Mustanoja S; et al. (2012). "SMASH-U: a proposal for etiologic classification of intracerebral hemorrhage". Stroke. 43 (10): 2592–7. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.661603. PMID 22858729.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hart, Robert G., Bradley S. Boop, and David C. Anderson. "Oral anticoagulants and intracranial hemorrhage facts and hypotheses." Stroke 26.8 (1995): 1471-1477.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Knudsen, Katherine A., et al. "Clinical diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy: validation of the Boston criteria." Neurology 56.4 (2001): 537-539.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lovelock, C. E., A. J. Molyneux, and P. M. Rothwell. "Change in incidence and aetiology of intracerebral haemorrhage in Oxfordshire, UK, between 1981 and 2006: a population-based study." The Lancet Neurology 6.6 (2007): 487-493.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Rümke CL (1975). "Letter: Implications of the statement: No side effects were observed". N Engl J Med. 292 (7): 372–3. PMID 1117973.