Pharyngitis laboratory findings
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Venkata Sivakrishna Kumar Pulivarthi M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Testing for pharyngitis usually is not recommended for children or adults with acute pharyngitis with clinical and epidemiological features that strongly suggest a viral etiology (eg, cough, rhinorrhea, hoarseness, and oral ulcers).[1] Diagnostic studies for GAS are not indicated for children <3 years old because acute rheumatic fever is rare in children <3 years old and the incidence of streptococcal pharyngitis and the classic presentation of streptococcal pharyngitis are uncommon in this age group. Selected children <3 years old who have other risk factors, such as an older sibling with GAS infection, may be considered for testing.[1]
Laboratory Findings
Rapid Antigen Detection Test (RADT)
RADT is useful for the identification of GAS pharyngitis directly from throat swabs. RADTs currently available are highly specific (approximately 95%) when compared with blood agar plate cultures.[2]
Viral Etiology
Bacterial Etiology
Group A streptococcus: No single element in the history or physical examination is sensitive or specific enough to exclude or diagnose strep throat.[3]
Diphtheria: The diagnosis, which may be strongly suspected on epidemiologic and clinical grounds, should be confirmed by culture of the pseudomembrane in Loeffler’s or tellurite selective medium.[4]
Neisseria gonorrhoeae: The diagnosis should be confirmed by culture on Thayer–Martin medium.[4]
Reference
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shulman ST, Bisno AL, Clegg HW, Gerber MA, Kaplan EL, Lee G et al. (2012) Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis: 2012 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 55 (10):1279-82. DOI:10.1093/cid/cis847 PMID: 23091044
- ↑ Gerber MA (1989) Comparison of throat cultures and rapid strep tests for diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 8 (11):820-4. PMID: 2687791
- ↑ Vincent MT, Celestin N, Hussain AN (2004) Pharyngitis. Am Fam Physician 69 (6):1465-70. PMID: 15053411
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Bisno AL (2001) Acute pharyngitis. N Engl J Med 344 (3):205-11. DOI:10.1056/NEJM200101183440308 PMID: 11172144