Hyperkalemia differential diagnosis
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Overview
Differential Diagnosis
Hyperkalemia is a laboratory finding that is a result of several conditions. These conditions must be differentiated as a cause of hyperkalemia. The following table summarize the differentiating features of causes of hyperkalemia.
| Organ system | Conditions | Distinguishing features | Additional findings | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symptoms | Signs | Labs | |||
| Renal | Acute kidney injury | Nausea, vomiting, decreased urine output, fatigue, dyspnea, edema | Tremor, confusion, edema | Hyperkalemia, increased BUN and Cr, metabolic acidosis | Recently developed symptoms |
| Chronic kidney injury | Nausea, vomiting, decreased urine output, fatigue, dyspnea, edema | Tremor, confusion, edema | Hyperkalemia, increased BUN and Cr, metabolic acidosis, hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia | Chronic underlying disease (DM, HTN), duration of symptoms ≥ 3 months | |
| Renal tubular acidosis type-4 | |||||
| Metabolic acidosis | |||||