Mucormycosis epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [2]
Overview
Mucormycosis has limited data which outlines the epidemiology and demographics of the disease. It is known to have a high case fatality rate. Early diagnosis and management are the keys to improved survival.
Epidemiology and Demographics
[1] [1]
- Mucormycosis has limited national data available in the United States .[2]
- The data available is population-based, varies according to the geographic region and is reported over a time period.
- The prevalence is 36000 per 100,000 patients for diabetics.
- The prevalence of mucormycosis for individuals for no underlying condition is 19000 per 100,000 individuals.
- The prevalence of mucormycosis for patients with malignancy is 17000 per 100,000 patients.
- The prevalence rate of mucormycosis infection was generally 4200 per 100,000 patients of hematologic malignancies in a study conducted in Iran.[3]
Incidence
- A population-based surveillance study in San Francisco, California, from 1992 to 1993 revealed that the annual incidence of mucormycosis was 1.7 cases per 100,000 individuals (roughly 500 cases per year).[4]
- A more recent study in a more general population in Spain found a lower incidence 0.43 cases per 100,000 individuals.[5]
Age
- Extremes of age predispose an individual to mucormycosis infection.
Race
- There is no racial predilection for mucormycosis.
Gender
- There is no gender predilection for mucormycosis.
[1]
- Mucormycosis is frequently a life-threatening infection. A review of published mucormycosis cases found an overall all-cause mortality rate of 54000 per 100,000 indiviudals.
- The overall case fatality rate for patients with diabetes is 44000 100,000 patients.
- The overall case fatality rate for individuals with no underlying condition is 35000 per 100,000 individuals.
- The overall case fatality rate for patients with malignancy like acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome is 66000 per 100,000 patients.
Seasonal Variation
- Data suggests that there is a seasonal variation among patients acquiring mucormycosis infection with a peak during the Autumn season.[6][7]
Reference
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Roden MM, Zaoutis TE, Buchanan WL, Knudsen TA, Sarkisova TA, Schaufele RL, Sein M, Sein T, Chiou CC, Chu JH, Kontoyiannis DP, Walsh TJ (2005). "Epidemiology and outcome of zygomycosis: a review of 929 reported cases". Clin. Infect. Dis. 41 (5): 634–53. doi:10.1086/432579. PMID 16080086.
- ↑ "Mucormycosis Statistics | Mucormycosis | Fungal Diseases | CDC".
- ↑ Noorifard M, Sekhavati E, Jalaei Khoo H, Hazraty I, Tabrizi R (2015). "Epidemiology and clinical manifestation of fungal infection related to Mucormycosis in hematologic malignancies". J Med Life. 8 (Spec Iss 2): 32–37. PMC 5327702. PMID 28255394.
- ↑ Rees JR, Pinner RW, Hajjeh RA, Brandt ME, Reingold AL (1998). "The epidemiological features of invasive mycotic infections in the San Francisco Bay area, 1992-1993: results of population-based laboratory active surveillance". Clin. Infect. Dis. 27 (5): 1138–47. PMID 9827260.
- ↑ Torres-Narbona M, Guinea J, Martínez-Alarcón J, Muñoz P, Gadea I, Bouza E (2007). "Impact of zygomycosis on microbiology workload: a survey study in Spain". J. Clin. Microbiol. 45 (6): 2051–3. doi:10.1128/JCM.02473-06. PMC 1933097. PMID 17392438.
- ↑ Talmi YP, Goldschmied-Reouven A, Bakon M, Barshack I, Wolf M, Horowitz Z, Berkowicz M, Keller N, Kronenberg J (2002). "Rhino-orbital and rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis". Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 127 (1): 22–31. doi:10.1067/mhn.2002.126587. PMID 12161726.
- ↑ Funada H, Matsuda T (1996). "Pulmonary mucormycosis in a hematology ward". Intern. Med. 35 (7): 540–4. PMID 8842759.