Strongyloidiasis natural history, complications and prognosis
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Overview
If left untreated, the subclinical strongyloidiasis can disseminate and transform into hyper infection syndrome with a mortality rate of 90%. Complications that can develop as a result of strongyloidiasis are disseminated strongyloidiasis, especially in patients with HIV or an otherwise weakened immune system, eosinophilic pneumonia and malnutrition due to problems absorbing nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract (malabsorption). With good treatment, people should make a full recovery. Often Sometimes treatment needs to be repeated. Infections that are severe or widespread often have a poor outcome, especially in people with a weakened immune system.[1]
Natural history
If left untreated, the subclinical strongyloidiasis can disseminate and transform into hyper-infection syndrome with a mortality rate of 90%.
Complications
Complications that can develop as a result of strongyloidiasis are
- Disseminated strongyloidiasis, especially in patients with HIV or an otherwise immunosuppressed status
- Eosinophilic pneumonia
- Malnutrition due to problems absorbing nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract (malabsorption)
Prognosis
With good treatment, people should make a full recovery. Often Sometimes treatment needs to be repeated. Infections that are severe or widespread often have a poor outcome, especially in people with a immunosuppression. Strongyloidiasis could be severe and life-threatening in persons specific groups which includes:
- Use of oral or intravenous steroids -- such as in patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations, lupus, gout, or in persons using steroids for immunosuppression or symptomatic relief.
- HTLV-1 infection
- hematologic malignancies such as leukemia or lymphoma
- Transplant recipients
References
- ↑ Beknazarova M, Whiley H, Ross K (2016). "Strongyloidiasis: A Disease of Socioeconomic Disadvantage". Int J Environ Res Public Health. 13 (5). doi:10.3390/ijerph13050517. PMC 4881142. PMID 27213420.