Psittacosis historical perspective
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
The word psittacosis is derived from the Greek work 'Psittakos', which means parrot. Psittacosis infects psittacines (parrots, parakeets, cockatoos). 'Ornithosis' is a term used if it infects other types of birds. It is assumed that the origin of psittacosis is in South America, where the rain forests are populated with many species of psittacine birds. Aboriginal tribes were fond of these birds and used their feathers as parts of their ceremonial clothing. Other psittacine birds were kept as pets in aboriginal villages.
Historical perspective
- In 1879, J. Ritter published the first case description of psittacosis, describing a mini-epidemic in which three out of seven patients died. He found the source of the infection, determined the incubation period and the non-transmissibility of the disease from human to human.[1]
- In 1895 the term psittacosis was first applied.
- In 1962, J.W. Moulder conducted the first characterization of chlamydiae by analyzing the structure and chemical composition of C. psittaci ‘particles'.
- In 1970, A. Matsumoto and G.P. Manire obtained the first high-resolution images of chlamydial bodies using electron microscopy.
- In 1975, T.P. Hatch demonstrated the requirement of C. psittaci for energy intermediates from the host cell.
- In 1978, Wyrick and colleagues first described the structural features of chlamydial compartments, and showed the capability of C. psittaci to infect immune cells .
- Between 1890 to 1930, several severe outbreaks of human psittacosis occurred in Europe, North and South America, all of which could be attributed to handling, sale and purchase of parrots and other exotic birds.
References
- ↑ Wehrle B, Chiquet M (1990). "Tenascin is accumulated along developing peripheral nerves and allows neurite outgrowth in vitro". Development. 110 (2): 401–15. PMID 1723942.