Mastoiditis risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mehrian Jafarizade, M.D [2]

Overview

The risk factors for mastoiditis are related to acute otitis media risk factors. These include: allergy, upper respiratory tract infection, snoring, previous history of acute otitis media, passive smoking, smoking during pregnancy, low social status. Exposure of infants to day-care centers is a controversial risk factor. ^[1]

Common Risk Factors

The risk factors for mastoiditis are related to acute otitis media risk factors.

Risk factors for acute mastoiditis:

Allergy
Upper respiratory tract infection
Snoring
Previous history of acute otitis media
Passive smoking
Smoking during pregnancy
Low social status^[1]

Risk factors for subacute mastoiditis:

Infancy
Elderly
Diabetic
Immunosuppressed and debilitated patients^[2]

Less Common Risk Factors

The risk factor that has been found controversial is the exposure of infants to day-care centers. Day care attendance may cause an increased incidence of upper airways infections and acute otitis media and therefore, mastoiditis. Countries with variations in the age of starting a day-care have shown differences in incidence peaks of acute otitis media.^[3]^[4]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Zhang Y, Xu M, Zhang J, Zeng L, Wang Y, Zheng QY (2014). "Risk factors for chronic and recurrent otitis media-a meta-analysis". PLoS ONE. 9 (1): e86397. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086397. PMC 3900534. PMID 24466073.
↑ Holt GR, Gates GA (1983). "Masked mastoiditis". Laryngoscope. 93 (8): 1034–7. PMID 6877011.
↑ Groth A, Enoksson F, Hultcrantz M, Stalfors J, Stenfeldt K, Hermansson A (2012). "Acute mastoiditis in children aged 0-16 years--a national study of 678 cases in Sweden comparing different age groups". Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. 76 (10): 1494–500. doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.07.002. PMID 22832239.
↑ Harley EH, Sdralis T, Berkowitz RG (1997). "Acute mastoiditis in children: a 12-year retrospective study". Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 116 (1): 26–30. doi:10.1016/S0194-59989770347-4. PMID 9018253.

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[pmid24466073-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Zhang Y, Xu M, Zhang J, Zeng L, Wang Y, Zheng QY (2014). "Risk factors for chronic and recurrent otitis media-a meta-analysis". PLoS ONE. 9 (1): e86397. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086397. PMC 3900534. PMID 24466073.

[pmid6877011-2] Holt GR, Gates GA (1983). "Masked mastoiditis". Laryngoscope. 93 (8): 1034–7. PMID 6877011.

[pmid22832239-3] Groth A, Enoksson F, Hultcrantz M, Stalfors J, Stenfeldt K, Hermansson A (2012). "Acute mastoiditis in children aged 0-16 years--a national study of 678 cases in Sweden comparing different age groups". Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. 76 (10): 1494–500. doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.07.002. PMID 22832239.

[pmid9018253-4] Harley EH, Sdralis T, Berkowitz RG (1997). "Acute mastoiditis in children: a 12-year retrospective study". Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 116 (1): 26–30. doi:10.1016/S0194-59989770347-4. PMID 9018253.

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