Echinococcosis classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Kalsang Dolma, M.B.B.S.[3]
Overview
Echinococcosis is classified based on the site of infection and the type of tapeworm causing the infection, into cystic echinococcosis and alveolar echinococcosis. It can also be classified based on the ultrasound findings and appearance.
Classification
Based on the site of infection, echinococcosis can be classified into:[1]
- Cystic echinococcosis
- Due to the infection with the larvae of Echinococcus granulosus
- Alveolar echinococcosis
- Due to the infection with the larvae of Echinococcus multilocularis
Based on an international classification, cystic echinococcosis can be classified based on the ultrasound features into 5 categories:[1]
- Type 1 and 2
- Active fertile cysts that contain viable protoscoleces
- Type 3
- Transitional stage cysts, as a result of host immune response or therapy
- Type 4 and 5
- Inactive and degenerative cysts which have lost their fertility
This classification system can be helpful for application in clinical and field epidemiological setting.