Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia physical examination

Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X-ray
Echocardiography and Ultrasound
CT scan
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia physical examination On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia physical examination All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia physical examination
CDC on Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia physical examination
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia physical examination in the news
Blogs on Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia physical examination
Directions to Hospitals Treating Psoriasis
Risk calculators and risk factors for Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia physical examination

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Physical examination of patients with familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) is usually unremarkable. Very rarely patients may have examination findings due to hypercalcemia.

Physical Examination

• Physical examination of patients with hyperparathyroidism is usually unremarkable.
• Patients may have physical findings due to severe hypercalcemia and other complications of hyperparathyroidism.

Appearance of the Patient

• Patients with hyperparathyroidism usually appear well.

Vital Signs

• Patients with hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
  • High blood pressure due to hypercalcemia and renal failure

Skin

• Persistent itching may be present due to renal failure

HEENT

• Patients with severe hypercalcemia may have:
  • Band keratopathy (calcium precipitation in a horizontal band across the cornea in the palpebral aperture); may lead to vision impairment

Lungs

• Patients with hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
  • Dyspnea due to fluid overload form renal failure

Cardiovasvular

• Patients with hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
  • Palpitations due to arrhythmias
  • Shortened QT interval
  • Chest pain due to fluid overload form renal failure
  • Rales and S3 due to fluid overload form renal failure

Abdomen

• Patients with hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Anorexia
  • Fecal impaction (from constipation)
  • Epigastric pain and tenderness due to development of pancreatitis
  • Flank pain and tenderness due to nephrolithiasis

Genitourinary

• Patients with severe hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
  • Alteration in urinary habits
  • Volume depletion
  • Signs of renal failure

Neuromuscular

• Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time.
• Patients with severe hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
  • Anxiety
  • Fatigue and weakness due to renal failure
  • Lethargy
  • Sleep disturbances
  • Muscle twitch and cramps
  • Signs of depression
  • Confusion
  • Memory disturbances
  • Hypotonia
  • Hyporeflexia
  • Paresis
  • Coma

Extremities

• Swelling of feet and ankles due to renal failure
• Arthralgia due to bone resorption