Postpartum thyroid dysfunction
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Postpartum thyroid dysfunction |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Usama Talib, BSc, MD [2]
Synonyms and keywords: Postpartum thyroid dysfunction syndrome
Overview
Postpartum thyroid dysfunction also known as postpartum thyroid dysfunction syndrome, is characterized by abnormal functioning of the thyroid gland after child birth. Postpartum thyroid dysfunction can either be a pre-existing thyroid disease became clinically significant after delivery or it may appear as a newly developed dysfunction. Postpartum thyroid dysfunction may present as Grave's disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, postpartum thyroiditis or silent thyroiditis. Postpartum thyroid dysfunction most commonly presents as hyperthyroidism followed by hypothyroidism. In some cases the second phase may proceed to either normal thyroid status or remains hypothyroid. The hyperthyroidism phase may be asymptomatic or patients may experience neuroexcitatory symptoms like palpitations. The hypothyroidism phase is usually symptomatic and may need treatment. Postpartum thyroid dysfunction may also present as exclusive hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.
Classification
Postpartum thyroid dysfunction can be classified on the base of presentation and the clinical course of the disease.[1][2][3][4]
Classification of postpartum thyroid dysfunction based on thyroid diseases:
| Postpartum Thyroid Dysfunction | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grave's disease | Hashimoto's thyroiditis | Postpartum thyroiditis | Silent thyroiditis | Subacute infective thyroiditis | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Classification of postpartum thyroid dysfunction based on clinical course:
| Postpartum Thyroid Dysfunction | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hyperthyroidism followed by hypothyroidism | Exclusive hyperthyroidism | Exclusive hypothyroidism | Hypothyroidism followed by hyperthyroidism | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
References
- ↑ Goldman JM (1986). "Postpartum thyroid dysfunction". Arch Intern Med. 146 (7): 1296–9. PMID 3718125.
- ↑ Fung HY, Kologlu M, Collison K, John R, Richards CJ, Hall R; et al. (1988). "Postpartum thyroid dysfunction in Mid Glamorgan". Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 296 (6617): 241–4. PMC 2544770. PMID 3124900.
- ↑ Lazarus JH (2011). "The continuing saga of postpartum thyroiditis". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 96 (3): 614–6. doi:10.1210/jc.2011-0091. PMID 21378224.
- ↑ Gerstein HC (1993). "Incidence of postpartum thyroid dysfunction in patients with type I diabetes mellitus". Ann Intern Med. 118 (6): 419–23. PMID 8439115.