Diffuse esophageal spasm classification

Diffuse esophageal spasm Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Classification

There is no established system for the classification of DES although it is categorized as one of the major disorders of peristalsis according to The Chicago Classification v.3.0. They can be classified as primary or secondary DES based on presence of other associated disease with DES or not.