Whipple's disease epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- The incidence of Whipple's disease is approximately 12 annually worldwide.[1]
- Between 1907 and 1987, the incidence of Whipple's disease was estimated to be 696 cases worldwide.[1]
- The incidence of Whipple's disease is approximately 1 per 1,000,000 individuals annually in north-western Italy.[2]
Prevalence
- The prevalence of Whipple's disease is approximately 3 per 1,000,000 individuals in north-western Italy.[2]
Case-fatality rate
- The case-fatality rate of Whipple's disease is approximately 100%, if left untreated.[3]
Age
- Whipple's disease commonly affects individuals between 40 to 60 years of age; the median age at diagnosis is 50 years.[4]
Race
- Whipple's disease usually affects individuals of the caucasian race. Africans and Asians are less likely to develop Whipple's disease.
Gender
- Males are more commonly affected by Whipple's disease than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 8 to 1.[4]
Region
- The majority of Whipple's disease cases are reported in North America and western Europe.[5]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Dobbins W, III. 1987. Whipple’s disease. Charles C Thomas, Publisher, Springfield, IL.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Biagi, F.; Balduzzi, D.; Delvino, P.; Schiepatti, A.; Klersy, C.; Corazza, G. R. (2015). "Prevalence of Whipple's disease in north-western Italy". European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases. 34 (7): 1347–1348. doi:10.1007/s10096-015-2357-2. ISSN 0934-9723.
- ↑ Durand DV, Lecomte C, Cathébras P, Rousset H, Godeau P (1997). "Whipple disease. Clinical review of 52 cases. The SNFMI Research Group on Whipple Disease. Société Nationale Française de Médecine Interne". Medicine (Baltimore). 76 (3): 170–84. PMID 9193452.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Marth, Thomas (2015). "Tropheryma whipplei, Immunosuppression and Whipple's Disease: From a Low-Pathogenic, Environmental Infectious Organism to a Rare, Multifaceted Inflammatory Complex". Digestive Diseases. 33 (2): 190–199. doi:10.1159/000369538. ISSN 0257-2753.
- ↑ Fenollar, Florence; Puéchal, Xavier; Raoult, Didier (2007). "Whipple's Disease". New England Journal of Medicine. 356 (1): 55–66. doi:10.1056/NEJMra062477. ISSN 0028-4793.