Thalassemia epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Shyam Patel [2]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- The incidence of thalassemia is about 300,000 to 400,000 per year.[1] PMC4779296
- The incidence of beta-thalassemia is 42,000 per year.[2]
Prevalence
The prevalence of thalassemia in the world is 3%.PMC4960032 The estimated prevalence of thalassemias is 16% in people from Cyprus, 3-14% in Thailand, and 3-8% in populations from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Malaysia and China. There are also prevalences in descendants of people from Latin America, and Mediterranean countries (e.g. Spain, Portugal, Italy, Greece and others). A very low prevalence has been reported from people in Africa (0.9%), with those in northern Africa having the highest prevalence, and northern Europe (0.1%).(4)
Race
- The carrier rate of beta-thalassemia in Cyprus is estimated to be 12,000 to 15,000 per 100,000 persons.[3]
- The carrier rate of beta-thalassemia in Greece is estimated to be 7,400 per 100,000 persons.[3]
- The carrier rate of beta-thalassemia in Turkey is estimated to be 600 to 13,000 per 100,000 persons.[3]
- In Turkey, approximately 1.6 million people (of 80 million) have thalassemia trait.
- In Turkey, approximately 5,500 people are homozygous for thalassemia.
References
- ↑ Higgs DR (2013). "The molecular basis of α-thalassemia". Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 3 (1): a011718. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a011718. PMC 3530043. PMID 23284078.
- ↑ Liaska A, Petrou P, Georgakopoulos CD, Diamanti R, Papaconstantinou D, Kanakis MG; et al. (2016). "β-Thalassemia and ocular implications: a systematic review". BMC Ophthalmol. 16: 102. doi:10.1186/s12886-016-0285-2. PMC 4938965. PMID 27390837.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 De Sanctis V, Kattamis C, Canatan D, Soliman AT, Elsedfy H, Karimi M; et al. (2017). "β-Thalassemia Distribution in the Old World: an Ancient Disease Seen from a Historical Standpoint". Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 9 (1): e2017018. doi:10.4084/MJHID.2017.018. PMC 5333734. PMID 28293406.