Gallstone disease epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]
Overview
Gallstone disease has an overall higher prevalence in females than males of the Western Caucasian, Hispanic and Native American nations.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
The prevalence of Gallstone disease is approximately 60.2 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.[1]
Age
Patients of all age groups between 20 and 74 may develop Gallstone disease.[1]
Race
Gallstone disease usually affects individuals of the Western Caucasian, Hispanic and Native American races. Eastern European, African American and Japanese individuals are less likely to develop Gallstone disease.[2][3][4][5]
Gender
- Females are more commonly affected by Gallstone disease than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 2.5 to 1.[6][7][8]
Region
- Gallstone disease is a common disease that tends to affect Pima Indians and other Native American tribes.[9]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Everhart JE, Khare M, Hill M, Maurer KR (1999). "Prevalence and ethnic differences in gallbladder disease in the United States". Gastroenterology. 117 (3): 632–9. PMID 10464139.
- ↑ TORVIK A, HOIVIK B (1960). "Gallstones in an autopsy series. Incidence, complications, and correlations with carcinoma of the gallbladder". Acta Chir Scand. 120: 168–74. PMID 13777615.
- ↑ Zahor A, Sternby NH, Kagan A, Uemura K, Vanecek R, Vichert AM (1974). "Frequency of cholelithiasis in Prague and Malmö. An autopsy study". Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 9 (1): 3–7. PMID 4453803.
- ↑ Brett M, Barker DJ (1976). "The world distribution of gallstones". Int J Epidemiol. 5 (4): 335–41. PMID 1010661.
- ↑ Lindström CG (1977). "Frequency of gallstone disease in a well-defined Swedish population. A prospective necropsy study in Malmö". Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 12 (3): 341–6. PMID 866998.
- ↑ Thistle JL, Eckhart KL, Nensel RE, Nobrega FT, Poehling GG, Reimer M, Schoenfield LJ (1971). "Prevalence of gallbladder disease among Chippewa Indians". Mayo Clin. Proc. 46 (9): 603–8. PMID 5096596.
- ↑ Williams CN, Johnston JL, Weldon KL (1977). "Prevalence of gallstones and gallbladder disease in Canadian Micmac Indian women". Can Med Assoc J. 117 (7): 758–60. PMC 1880087. PMID 907946.
- ↑ WILBUR RS, BOLT RJ (1959). "Incidence of gall bladder disease in normal men". Gastroenterology. 36 (2): 251–5. PMID 13620038.
- ↑ Everhart JE, Yeh F, Lee ET, Hill MC, Fabsitz R, Howard BV, Welty TK (2002). "Prevalence of gallbladder disease in American Indian populations: findings from the Strong Heart Study". Hepatology. 35 (6): 1507–12. doi:10.1053/jhep.2002.33336. PMID 12029637.