Sandbox:Jaundice

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mehrian Jafarizade, M.D [2]

Differential diagnosis of jaundice

Abbreviations: RUQ= Right upper quadrant of the abdomen, LFT= Liver function test, SIRS= Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, ERCP= Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, N= Normal, AMA= Anti mitochondrial antibodies, LDH= Lactate dehydrogenase, GI= Gastrointestinal, CT= Computed tomography

Classification of jaundice based on etiology Disease History and clinical manifestations Diagnosis Lab Findings Other blood tests Other diagnostic Family history Fever RUQ Pain Pruritis AST ALT ALK BLR Indirect BLR Direct Viral serology Jaundice Hepatocellular Jaundice Hemochromatosis + - -/+ - ↑ ↑ ↑/N ↑/N N - Ferritin ↑ Liver biopsy Wilson's disease + - -/+ - ↑ ↑ N ↑/N N - Serum cerulloplasmin ↑ Liver biopsy Viral hepatitis - -/+ - - ↑ ↑ N ↑/N N + Specific viral antibody for each type - Alcoholic hepatitis - -/+ -/+ - ↑↑ ↑ N ↑/N N - - - Drug induced hepatitis - -/+ - - ↑ ↑ N ↑/N N - - - Autoimmune hepatitis -/+ - - -/+ ↑ ↑ N ↑/N N - Anti-LKM antibody Liver biopsy Cirrhosis -/+ -/+ -/+ - ↑ ↑ ↑/N ↑/N ↑/N -/+ Low platate Small liver on ultrasond Cholestatic Jaundice Common bile duct stone -/+ - + + N N ↑ N ↑ - Dilated ducts on sono CT/ERCP Hepatitis A cholestatic type - -/+ + + N N ↑ N ↑ + HAV- AB Abdominal ultrasound EBV / CMV hepatitis - -/+ + + N N ↑ N ↑ + Positive serology Primary biliary cirrhosis -/+ - -/+ + N/↑ N/↑ ↑ N ↑ - AMA positive Liver biopsy Primary sclerosing cholangitis -/+ - -/+ + N/↑ N/↑ ↑ N ↑ - Beading on MRCP Liver biopsy Pancreatic carcinoma + - -/+ - N/↑ N/↑ ↑ N ↑ - Mass on ultrasond CT scan for diagnosis Isolated Jaundice Crigler-Najjar type 2 + - - - N N N ↑ ↑ - Genetic testing Gilbert + - - - N N N ↑ ↑ - Genetic testing Rotor syndrome + - - - N N N N ↑ - Genetic testing Liver biopsy Dubin-Johnson syndrome + - - - N N N N ↑ - Genetic testing Liver biopsy Hereditory spherocytosis + - -/+ - N N N ↑ N - Genetic testing Osmotic fragility G6PD deficiency + - - - N N N ↑ N - Genetic testing Thalassemia + - - - N N N ↑ N - Genetic testing Sickle cell disease + - - - N N N ↑ N - Genetic testing Paroxismal nocturnal hemoglobinoria - - - - N N N ↑ N - Flocytometery Immune hemolysis - -/+ - - N N N ↑ N - Autoantibodies Hematoma - -/+ - - N N N ↑ N - Anemia Truma or surgery in history

The differential diagnosis for jaundice and pruritis are:

Disease History and clinical manifestations Diagnosis Lab Findings Other blood tests Other diagnostic AST ALT ALK BLR Indirect BLR Direct Viral serology Type of jaundice Pruritis Family history Common bile duct stone Cholestatic Jaundice + -/+ N N ↑ N ↑ - Dilated ducts on sono CT/ERCP Hepatitis A cholestatic type + - N N ↑ N ↑ + HAV- AB Abdominal ultrasound EBV / CMV hepatitis + - N N ↑ N ↑ + Positive serology PCR or ELISA Primary biliary cirrhosis + -/+ N/↑ N/↑ ↑ N ↑ - AMA positive Liver biopsy Primary sclerosing cholangitis + -/+ N/↑ N/↑ ↑ N ↑ - Beading on MRCP Liver biopsy Autoimmune hepatitis Hepatocellular Jaundice -/+ -/+ ↑ ↑ N ↑/N N - Anti-LKM antibody Liver biopsy

The differential diagnosis for jaundice, pruritis and RUQ pain are:

Disease History and clinical manifestations Diagnosis Lab Findings Other blood tests Other diagnostic AST ALT ALK BLR Indirect BLR Direct Viral serology Type of jaundice Pruritis RUQ pain Fever Family history Common bile duct stone Cholestatic Jaundice + + - -/+ N N ↑ N ↑ - Dilated ducts on sono CT/ERCP Hepatitis A cholestatic type + + -/+ - N N ↑ N ↑ + HAV- AB Abdominal ultrasound EBV / CMV hepatitis + + -/+ - N N ↑ N ↑ + Positive serology PCR or ELISA Primary biliary cirrhosis + -/+ - -/+ N/↑ N/↑ ↑ N ↑ - AMA positive Liver biopsy Primary sclerosing cholangitis + -/+ - -/+ N/↑ N/↑ ↑ N ↑ - Beading on MRCP Liver biopsy

The differential diagnosis for jaundice, pruritis and RUQ pain are:

Classification of jaundice based on etiology Disease History and clinical manifestations Diagnosis Lab Findings Other blood tests Other diagnostic Family history Fever RUQ Pain Pruritis AST ALT ALK BLR Indirect BLR Direct Viral serology Jaundice Cholestatic Jaundice Common bile duct stone -/+ - + + N N ↑ N ↑ - Dilated ducts on ultrasond CT/ERCP Hepatitis A cholestatic type - -/+ + + N N ↑ N ↑ + HAV- AB Abdominal ultrasound EBV / CMV hepatitis - -/+ + + N N ↑ N ↑ + Positive serology Primary biliary cirrhosis -/+ - -/+ + N/↑ N/↑ ↑ N ↑ - AMA positive Liver biopsy Primary sclerosing cholangitis -/+ - -/+ + N/↑ N/↑ ↑ N ↑ - Beading on MRCP Liver biopsy

The differential diagnosis for jaundice, fever and RUQ pain are:

Classification of jaundice based on etiology Disease History and clinical manifestations Diagnosis Lab Findings Other blood tests Other diagnostic Family history Fever RUQ Pain Pruritis AST ALT ALK BLR Indirect BLR Direct Viral serology Jaundice Hepatocellular Jaundice Alcoholic hepatitis - -/+ -/+ - ↑↑ ↑ N ↑/N N - - - Cirrhosis -/+ -/+ -/+ - ↑ ↑ ↑/N ↑/N ↑/N -/+ Low platate Small liver on ultrasond Cholestatic Jaundice Hepatitis A cholestatic type - -/+ + + N N ↑ N ↑ + HAV- AB Abdominal ultrasound EBV / CMV hepatitis - -/+ + + N N ↑ N ↑ + Positive serology PCR or ELISA

The differential diagnosis for jaundice and fever are:

Classification of jaundice based on etiology Disease History and clinical manifestations Diagnosis Lab Findings Other blood tests Other diagnostic Family history Fever RUQ Pain Pruritis AST ALT ALK BLR Indirect BLR Direct Viral serology Jaundice Hepatocellular Jaundice Viral hepatitis - -/+ - - ↑ ↑ N ↑/N N + Specific viral antibody for each type - Alcoholic hepatitis - -/+ -/+ - ↑↑ ↑ N ↑/N N - - - Drug induced hepatitis - -/+ - - ↑ ↑ N ↑/N N - - - Cirrhosis -/+ -/+ -/+ - ↑ ↑ ↑/N ↑/N ↑/N -/+ Low platate Small liver on ultrasond Cholestatic Jaundice Hepatitis A cholestatic type - -/+ + + N N ↑ N ↑ + HAV- AB Abdominal ultrasound EBV / CMV hepatitis - -/+ + + N N ↑ N ↑ + Positive serology PCR or ELISA Isolated Jaundice Immune hemolysis - -/+ - - N N N ↑ N - Autoantibodies Hematoma - -/+ - - N N N ↑ N - Anemia Truma or surgery in history