Bowel obstruction classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]
Overview
Acute bowel obstruction may be classified by 4 different classification methods including; open and closed, incomplete and complete, extrinsic, intrinsic and intraluminal, and finally, small bowel and large bowel. In this chapter, the extrinsic, intrinsic and intraluminal classification method will be used.
Classification
- Acute bowel obstruction may be classified based on:[1][2]
- Open or closed bowel
- The bowel may be open but is occluded by some type of blockade, whilst the closed bowel obstruction refers to a bowel that is physically closed or collapsed, and this leads to an obstruction.
- Complete or incomplete obstruction
- Obstructions can either completely occlude the lumen of the bowel, or can partially (incompletely) occlude the bowel.
- Extrinsic, intrinsic/intramural or intraluminal obstruction
- An obstruction may be due to an external cause, for example, a tumor that pushes on the bowel from the outside.
- An obstruction may be caused by an intrinsic (intramural) wall abnormality, for example, a tumor or stricture or hematoma.
- An intraluminal obstruction describes the process by which a luminal defect prevents the normal passage of bowel contents, for example, a foreign body, gallstone or an intussusception.
- Small or large bowel obstruction
- Small bowel obstruction include obstructions that occur along the duodenum up to the ileocecal junction, obstructions beyond this junction are classified as large bowel obstructions.
- Open or closed bowel
References
- ↑ Mucha P (1987). "Small intestinal obstruction". Surg. Clin. North Am. 67 (3): 597–620. PMID 3296252.
- ↑ Miller G, Boman J, Shrier I, Gordon PH (2000). "Natural history of patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction". Br J Surg. 87 (9): 1240–7. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2168.2000.01530.x. PMID 10971435.