Inguinal hernia pathophysiology
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2]
Overview
The exact pathogenesis of [disease name] is not fully understood.
OR
It is thought that [disease name] is the result of / is mediated by / is produced by / is caused by either [hypothesis 1], [hypothesis 2], or [hypothesis 3].
OR
[Pathogen name] is usually transmitted via the [transmission route] route to the human host.
OR
Following transmission/ingestion, the [pathogen] uses the [entry site] to invade the [cell name] cell.
OR
[Disease or malignancy name] arises from [cell name]s, which are [cell type] cells that are normally involved in [function of cells].
OR
The progression to [disease name] usually involves the [molecular pathway].
OR
The pathophysiology of [disease/malignancy] depends on the histological subtype.
Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis
- It is understood that indirected inguinal hernia is caused by:
- Passes through internal inguinal ring, traverses inguinal canal to external ring
- May extend into scrotum in males and labia major in females
- Passes lateral to inferior epigastric vessels and has an oblique inferior course
- Considered a congenital defect and associated with a patent processus vaginalis
- It is understood that directed inguinal hernia is caused by:
- Protrusion through Hesselbach triangle
- Generally does not extend into scrotum
- Passes medial to inferior epigastric vessels
- Considered an acquired defect
| Predisposing factors •Being male •Having muscle weakness from birth along with a hernia sac •Having muscle weakness from aging •Having one or more inguinal hernia | Precipitating factors •Being overweight or having a recent,large weight loss •Having weak abdominal muscles from poor diet, lack of exercise or both •Straining during urination or bowel movements •Chronic cough,such as from smoking | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Incresed pressure in the compartment of the abdomen in develops | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intraabdominal wall of inguinal canal into the scrotum becomes weakend | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Causing the inguinal ring not to close | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Evolves into a hole or defect | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fat or part of the small intestine slides through the inguinal canal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Swollen or enlarged scrotum | Feeling of weakness or pressure in the groin | Pain or discomfort | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genetics
- [Disease name] is transmitted in [mode of genetic transmission] pattern.
- Genes involved in the pathogenesis of [disease name] include [gene1], [gene2], and [gene3].
- The development of [disease name] is the result of multiple genetic mutations.
Associated Conditions
Microscopic Pathology
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].