Inguinal hernia epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- The incidence of inguinal hernia is approximately 110 per 100,000 individuals in years aged 16-24 years to 2000 per 100,000 person years aged 75 years or above in men.[1]
Prevalence
- The prevalence of inguinal hernia is approximately 1700 per 100,000 individuals for all ages and 4000 per 100,000 for those aged over 45 yearsworldwide.[2]
Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate
- The 30 day mortality rate of 2000 per 100,000 in patients under 60 years old and 48000 per 100,000 individuals in those over 60 years old after elective surgery.[3]
Age
- Patients of all age groups may develop inguinal hernia.[4]
- The incidence of inguinal hernia increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 40-59 years.[5]
- Direct inguinal hernia commonly affects middle-aged and elderly individuals because the abdominal walls weakens with age.
- Indirect inguinal hernias can occur at any age including the young individuals.
Race
- Inguinal hernia affects individuals of the Afriacn-American more than Caucasian.[6]
Gender
- Male are more commonly affected by inguinal hernia than female. The male to female ratio is approximately 9 to 1.[7]
References
- ↑ Jenkins JT, O'Dwyer PJ (2008). "Inguinal hernias". BMJ. 336 (7638): 269–72. doi:10.1136/bmj.39450.428275.AD. PMC 2223000. PMID 18244999.
- ↑ Kingsnorth A, LeBlanc K (2003). "Hernias: inguinal and incisional". Lancet. 362 (9395): 1561–71. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14746-0. PMID 14615114.
- ↑ Bay-Nielsen M, Kehlet H, Strand L, Malmstrøm J, Andersen FH, Wara P, Juul P, Callesen T (2001). "Quality assessment of 26,304 herniorrhaphies in Denmark: a prospective nationwide study". Lancet. 358 (9288): 1124–8. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(01)06251-1. PMID 11597665.
- ↑ Jenkins, J. T; O'Dwyer, P. J (2008). "Inguinal hernias". BMJ. 336 (7638): 269–272. doi:10.1136/bmj.39450.428275.AD. ISSN 0959-8138.
- ↑ Ruhl, C. E.; Everhart, J. E. (2007). "Risk Factors for Inguinal Hernia among Adults in the US Population". American Journal of Epidemiology. 165 (10): 1154–1161. doi:10.1093/aje/kwm011. ISSN 0002-9262.
- ↑ Ruhl CE, Everhart JE (2007). "Risk factors for inguinal hernia among adults in the US population". Am. J. Epidemiol. 165 (10): 1154–61. doi:10.1093/aje/kwm011. PMID 17374852.
- ↑ Fitzgibbons RJ, Forse RA (2015). "Clinical practice. Groin hernias in adults". N. Engl. J. Med. 372 (8): 756–63. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1404068. PMID 25693015.