Ischemic colitis physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hamid Qazi, MD, BSc [2]

Overview

Ischemic colitis is characterized by abdominal pain which is out of proportion to physical findings, specifically excruciating abdominal pain despite limited focal tenderness, heme-positive rectal exam, and rebound tenderness if peritonitis is present.

Physical Examination

• The physical examination findings of ischemic colitis are as follows:

• Physical examination of patients with ischemic colitis is usually remarkable for abdominal tenderness, heme-positive rectal exam, and rebound tenderness if peritonitis is present.

Appearance of the Patient

• Patients with ischemic colitis usually appear in apparent distress due to pain

Vital Signs

• Tachycardia with regular pulse
• Tachypnea

Skin

• Skin examination of patients with ischemic colitis is usually normal

HEENT

• HEENT examination of patients with ischemic colitis is usually normal

Neck

• Neck examination of patients with ischemic colitis is usually normal

Lungs

• Pulmonary examination of patients with ischemic colitis is usually normal

Heart

• Cardiovascular examination of patients with ischemic colitis is usually normal

Abdomen

• Abdominal distention
• Abdominal tenderness over the affected area of bowel
• Rebound tenderness present if there is peritonitis
• Increased bowel sounds

Back

• Back examination of patients with ischemic colitis is usually normal

Genitourinary

• Genitourinary examination of patients with ischemic colitis is usually normal

Neuromuscular

• Neuromuscular examination of patients with ischemic colitis is usually normal

Extremities

• Extermities examination of patients with ischemic colitis is usually normal