Sialolithiasis echocardiography or ultrasound

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

There are no echocardiography/ultrasound findings associated with [disease name].

OR

Echocardiography/ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of [disease name]. Findings on an echocardiography/ultrasound suggestive of/diagnostic of [disease name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].

OR

There are no echocardiography/ultrasound findings associated with [disease name]. However, an echocardiography/ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of complications of [disease name], which include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].

Ultrasound

Ultrasonography is well-established in cases of clinical suspicion of sialolithiasis, able not only to visualise the stone in many instances but also the gland 2-3. Stones appear as strongly hyperechoic lines or points with distal acoustic shadowing represent stones. Small stones (< 2 mm) may however not shadow 2-3. Ultrasound is able to visualise stones that are radiolucent.

In acute obstructive cases, the gland appears enlarged and excretory ducts proximal to the stone may be visibly dilated.

Examination is best performed with small high-frequency intra-oral probes 5.

• There are no echocardiography/ultrasound findings associated with [disease name].

OR

• Ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of sialolithiasis. Findings on ultrasound diagnostic of sialolithiasis include:
  • [Finding 2]
  • [Finding 3]

OR

• There are no echocardiography/ultrasound findings associated with [disease name]. However, an echocardiography/ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of complications of [disease name], which include:
  • [Complication 1]
  • [Complication 2]
  • [Complication 3]