Gastroparesis natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Madhu Sigdel M.B.B.S.[2], Shaghayegh Habibi, M.D.[3]

Overview

Natural History

In the Olmsted County epidemiology study, of all the incident cases of gastroparesis, one third patients died and another one third required medications, hospitalization or tube feeding related to gastroparesis.^[1] The natural history of gastroparesis disease is largely unknown.^[2]

Complications

Primary complications of gastroparesis include:

Fluctuations in blood glucose due to unpredictable digestion times (in diabetic patients)
General malnutrition due to the symptoms of the disease (which frequently include vomiting and reduced appetite) as well as the dietary changes necessary to manage it
Severe fatigue and weight loss due to calorie deficit
Intestinal obstruction due to the formation of bezoars (solid masses of undigested food)
Bacterial infection due to overgrowth in undigested food
Dehydration
Electrolyte imbalances

Prognosis

Many treatments seem to provide only temporary benefit. The estimated 5-year survival for gastroparesis based on Gastroparesis study in Olmsted County, MN, as of January 1, 2007 was 67% with worse prognosis for diabetic gastroparesis.^[2] Prognosis of diabetic gastroparesis mainly depends upon blood sugar level and duration of diabetes.

References

↑ Bharucha AE (2015). "Epidemiology and natural history of gastroparesis". Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. 44 (1): 9–19. doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2014.11.002. PMC 4323583. PMID 25667019.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Jung HK, Choung RS, Locke GR, Schleck CD, Zinsmeister AR, Szarka LA, Mullan B, Talley NJ (2009). "The incidence, prevalence, and outcomes of patients with gastroparesis in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from 1996 to 2006". Gastroenterology. 136 (4): 1225–33. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.12.047. PMC 2705939. PMID 19249393.

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[pmid25667019-1] Bharucha AE (2015). "Epidemiology and natural history of gastroparesis". Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. 44 (1): 9–19. doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2014.11.002. PMC 4323583. PMID 25667019.

[pmid19249393-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Jung HK, Choung RS, Locke GR, Schleck CD, Zinsmeister AR, Szarka LA, Mullan B, Talley NJ (2009). "The incidence, prevalence, and outcomes of patients with gastroparesis in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from 1996 to 2006". Gastroenterology. 136 (4): 1225–33. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.12.047. PMC 2705939. PMID 19249393.

[1]

[2]