Jaundice classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fatima Shaukat, MD [2]
Overview
Jaundice is classified in two categories: Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and combined conjugated and unconjugated hyperbilirubinema. Unconjugated hypebilirubinemia can be caused by eiether increased production, reduced reuptake or defects in conjugation. While combined conjugated and unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia is further classified into: Obstruction of biliary tract, Interahepatic cholestasis, injury to hepatocellular parenchyma and defects of hepatocellular canalicular excretion or re-uptake in sinusoids
Classification
Jaundice is classified into two subtypes:[1][2][3]
- Predominately conjugated hyperbilirubinemia[4]
- Predominately unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia[5]
{{family tree|
| | | | |D01| | | | |D02| | | |D04| | D05 | | D06 | | D07 | | D08 | |D01=• Primary billiary cholangitis
• Primary sclerosing cholangitis
• Viral hepatitis (ocassionally)
• Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis
• Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy
•Corticosteroids|D02= •Infiltrative liver disorders like Hemochromatosis, amyloidosis
•|D04= • Dubin-Johnson syndrome
• Rotor syndrome|D05=
• Hemolysis
• Wilson disease
• Extravasation
• Shunt hyperbilirubinemia|D06= • Portosystemic shunts
• Drugs
• Gilbert syndrome (some cases)|D07=
• Neonatal
• Maternal milk
• Lucy-Driscoll
•Hyperthyroidism
• Chronic persitent hepatitis
• Advanced cirrhosis|D08=• Crigler-Najjar syndrome l
• Crigler-Najjar syndrome II
• Gilbert syndrome
• Hereditary spherocytosis
• G6PD deficiency
• Thalassemia
• Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
• Immune [[hemolysis]}}Jaundice classification Predominately conjugated hyperbilirubenemia Predominately unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia Obstruction of biliary tract Intra-hepatic cholestasis Injury to hepatocellular parenchyma Defects of hepatocellular canalicular excretion or re-uptake in sinusoids Increased production Reduced uptake Defects in conjugation Acquired Inherited References
- ↑ Fargo MV, Grogan SP, Saguil A (2017). "Evaluation of Jaundice in Adults". Am Fam Physician. 95 (3): 164–168. PMID 28145671.
- ↑ VanWagner LB, Green RM (2015). "Evaluating elevated bilirubin levels in asymptomatic adults". JAMA. 313 (5): 516–7. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.12835. PMC 4424929. PMID 25647209.
- ↑ Gadia CLB, Manirakiza A, Tekpa G, Konamna X, Vickos U, Nakoune E (2017). "Identification of pathogens for differential diagnosis of fever with jaundice in the Central African Republic: a retrospective assessment, 2008-2010". BMC Infect Dis. 17 (1): 735. doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2840-8. PMC 5707826. PMID 29187150.
- ↑ Gadia CLB, Manirakiza A, Tekpa G, Konamna X, Vickos U, Nakoune E (2017). "Identification of pathogens for differential diagnosis of fever with jaundice in the Central African Republic: a retrospective assessment, 2008-2010". BMC Infect Dis. 17 (1): 735. doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2840-8. PMC 5707826. PMID 29187150.
- ↑ Drenth JP, Peters WH, Jansen JB (2002). "[From gene to disease; unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia: Gilbert's syndrome and Crigler-Najjar types I and II]". Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 146 (32): 1488–90. PMID 12198827.