Altitude sickness epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

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Overview

With a rapid ascension to high altitudes in 1 to 3 days, more than 50% of people develop altitude sickness. The incidence of clinical HAPE in unacclimatized travelers exposed to high altitude (~ 4,000 m) appears to be less than 1%. In over 30 years of research experience, the U.S. Army Pike's Peak Research Laboratory, utilizing about 300 sea-level resident volunteers (and more than 100 staff members) rapidly and directly exposed to high altitude, only 3 were evacuated with suspected HAPE.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

• The incidence/prevalence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
• In [year], the incidence/prevalence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.

Prevalence

• The prevalence of altitude sickness is approximately as following:
  • 9000 per 100,000 individuals of people at 2850 m
  • 13000 per 100,000 individuals of people at 3050 m
  • 34000 per individuals of people at 3650 m
  • 53,000 per 100,000 individuals of people at 4559 m

Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate

• In [year], the incidence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [number range]%.
• The case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [disease name] is approximately [number range].

Age

• Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name].
• The incidence of [disease name] increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is [#] years.
• [Disease name] commonly affects individuals younger than/older than [number of years] years of age.
• [Chronic disease name] is usually first diagnosed among [age group].
• [Acute disease name] commonly affects [age group].

Race

• There is no racial predilection to [disease name].
• [Disease name] usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race. [Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name].

Gender

• [Disease name] affects men and women equally.
• [Gender 1] are more commonly affected by [disease name] than [gender 2]. The [gender 1] to [gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.

Region

• The majority of [disease name] cases are reported in [geographical region].

• [Disease name] is a common/rare disease that tends to affect [patient population 1] and [patient population 2].