Hypernatremia history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief: Jack Khouri
Overview
The symptoms of hypernatremia are subtle and include weakness or lethargy. With more severe elevations of the sodium level, seizures and coma may occur.
History
A detailed history is important for the diagnosis of the etiology of hypernatremia. Patients having hypernatremia may have a positive history of
- diabetes insipidus
- hyperaldosteronism
- Cushing's disease
- Neurological disorder such as dementia or impaired motor function
- Seizure disorder
- Malabsorption
- Ingestion of excess sodium salts.
Hypernatremic patients can also have a recent history of the following diseases:
Drug history:
Patients on the following drugs can also have high sodium levels:
- Diuretics
- Lactulose
Symptoms
Clinical manifestations of hypernatremia