Adult T-cell leukemia epidemiology and demographics
|
Adult T-cell leukemia Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Adult T-cell leukemia epidemiology and demographics On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Adult T-cell leukemia epidemiology and demographics |
|
Adult T-cell leukemia epidemiology and demographics in the news |
|
Blogs on Adult T-cell leukemia epidemiology and demographics |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Adult T-cell leukemia epidemiology and demographics |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]
Overview
The majority of adult T-cell leukemia cases are reported in Japan, the Caribbean, South America, and Africa. In southern Japan, the age-adjusted incidence rate of adult T-cell leukemia is approximately 6.6 per 100,000 individuals. The incidence of adult T-cell leukemia increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 57 years. Males are more commonly affected with adult T-cell leukemia than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 1.4 to 1. Adult T-cell leukemia usually affects individuals of the African American, Latin American, and Asian race. Caucasian individuals are less likely to develop adult T-cell leukemia.[1][2]
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- Human T-Lymphotropic Virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infects at least 5–10 million people worldwide.[3]
- In the US, adult T-cell leukemia is considered a rare disease that mainly tends to develop among African American intravenous drug abusers.[4]
- The majority of adult T-cell leukemia cases are reported in Japan, the Caribbean, South America, and Africa.
Incidence
- In southern Japan, the age-adjusted incidence rate of adult T-cell leukemia is approximately 6.6 per 100,000 individuals.[1][2][5]
- The annual incidence of adult T-cell leukemia development among HTLV-1 carriers is approximately 60 per 100,000 individuals.
Age
- The incidence of adult T-cell leukemia increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 57 years.[4]
- The age of onset for adult T-cell leukemia differs across geographical regions, such as:
- The median age at diagnosis in Japan is 60 years
- The median age at diagnosis in Central America is 40 years
Gender
- Males are more commonly affected with adult T-cell leukemia than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 1.4 to 1.[1][2][5]
- Females are more commonly affected with HTLV infection than males.
- However, the risk of adult T-cell leukemia development among HTLV male carriers is five fold higher than the risk of adult T-cell leukemia development among HTLV female carriers.
Race
- Adult T-cell leukemia usually affects individuals of the African American, Latin American, and Asian race. Caucasian individuals are less likely to develop adult T-cell leukemia.[1][2][5]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Satake M, Yamada Y, Atogami S, Yamaguchi K (2015). "The incidence of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma among human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 carriers in Japan". Leuk Lymphoma. 56 (6): 1806–12. doi:10.3109/10428194.2014.964700. PMID 25219595.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Iwanaga M, Watanabe T, Yamaguchi K (2012). "Adult T-cell leukemia: a review of epidemiological evidence". Front Microbiol. 3: 322. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00322. PMC 3437524. PMID 22973265.
- ↑ "Clinical Associations of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Infection in an Indigenous Australian Population".
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Mahieux R, Gessain A (2007). "Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and HTLV-1". Curr Hematol Malig Rep. 2 (4): 257–64. doi:10.1007/s11899-007-0035-x. PMID 20425378.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adult_T-cell_leukemia/lymphoma Accessed on November, 3 2015