Bladder cancer historical perspective
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Bladder cancer Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Bladder cancer historical perspective On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Bladder cancer historical perspective |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Bladder cancer historical perspective |
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Bladder cancer Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Bladder cancer historical perspective On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Bladder cancer historical perspective |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Bladder cancer historical perspective |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2]
Overview
Historical Perspective
Discovery
- Cystoscope was first discovered by Maximilian Nitze, a German urologist, in 1877.
- Association between bladder cancer and environmental carcinogens is first discovered in 1895.
- Urine cytology is first described in 1945.
- Micropapillary bladder cancer is first described in 1982.
- Approximately 356,000 new bladder cancer cases of bladder cancer are reported in 2002 worldwide.
Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies
- First cystectomy is performed as a treatment for bladder cancer in in 1877.
- Radium is first used as a treatment of bladder tumors in 1903.
- Early bladder removal surgery includes removing the bladder (cystectomy) and surrounding tissue where cancer is most likely to spread is performed in 1956.
- FDA approves the first chemotherapy drug cisplatin for treatment of bladder tumors in 1978.
- Reconstructive bladder surgery in introduced in 1980-1985.
- Neoadjuvant chemotherapy including methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (MVAC) is first described in 1985.
- Intravesical chemotherapy using mitomycin to reduce risk of bladder cancer's recurrence is discovered in 1988.
- FDA approved the use of live bacterium, bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) for treatment and prevent the recurrence of superficial tumors in 1990.
- New chemotherapy combination regimen including gemcitabine with cisplatin is introduced as more effective with less side effects compare to MVAC therapy in 2000.
- New technology that helps to detect cancerous tumors in the bladder that are invisible to the naked eye is discovered in 2016.
Impact on Cultural History
Famous Cases
- The following are a few famous cases of disease name: