Lymphangioma classification

Lymphatic malformations are benign.

They are classified as:

• Microcystic type also known as lymphangioma circumscriptum

• Macrocystic type, also known as cystic hygroma.
• Mixed type

Microcystic lymphatic malformation (lymphangioma circumscriptum):

• These are small, translucent, hemorrhagic cluster of vesicles, through which lymphatic fluid leaks.
• It is present at birth.
• The most commonly involved sites are proximal extremities, trunk, axilla, and the oral cavity.

Macrocystic lymphatic malformation (cystic hygroma):

• It is comprised of large endothelium lined, interconnected ducts which are visible on skin as an enlarged, soft swelling.
• It soft, cystic, poorly demarcated mass, most commonly found in the cervicofacial region, axilla, or chest wall.
• Cystic hygroma can be detected through ultrasonography in prenatal period during first trimester.

Mixed Type:

• Microcystic and macrocystic lymphangiomas are often found in the same site.

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