Lymphangioma classification
Lymphatic malformations are benign.
They are classified as:[1]
- Microcystic type also known as lymphangioma circumscriptum
- Macrocystic type, also known as cystic hygroma.
- Mixed type
Microcystic lymphatic malformation (lymphangioma circumscriptum):
- These are small, translucent, hemorrhagic cluster of vesicles, through which lymphatic fluid leaks.
- It is present at birth.
- The most commonly involved sites are proximal extremities, trunk, axilla, and the oral cavity.
Macrocystic lymphatic malformation (cystic hygroma):
- It is comprised of large endothelium lined, interconnected ducts which are visible on skin as an enlarged, soft swelling.
- It soft, cystic, poorly demarcated mass, most commonly found in the cervicofacial region, axilla, or chest wall.
- Cystic hygroma can be detected through ultrasonography in prenatal period during first trimester.
Mixed Type:
- Microcystic and macrocystic lymphangiomas are often found in the same site.