Iron deficiency anemia historical perspective
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Shyam Patel [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jogeet Singh Sekhon, M.D. [3]
Overview
Iron deficiency anemia was discovered in 1852 by Karl Vierordt and his student H. Welcher. Over the next century, the details of iron regulation were elucidated.
Historical Perspective
Discovery
- In 1852, Karl Vierordt and his student H. Welcher discovered iron deficiency anemia.
- In 1949, Finch and colleagues showed that reticulocytes (precursors of red blood cells) can incorporate iron from the plasma to make hemoglobin.[1]
- In 1969, Evan Morgan and colleagues showed internalization of transferrin (the carrier of iron) by cells.[1] This was one of the first demonstrations that the internalization of a membrane protein was important for iron regulation.
- In 1979, Bothwell published a monograph about early iron homeostasis. By this time, iron regulation was well understood.[1]
- In 1990, Donnall Thomas received the Nobel Prize for his discoveries about bone marrow transplantation.[1]
- In 2000, Breton-Gorius and Bessis showed via electron micrography that there were erythroblastic islands (locations of red blood cell production) in the bone marrow, and they showed that iron (in the form of ferritin) could be transferred between the erythroblasts and surrounding cells.[1]