Chronic lymphocytic leukemia laboratory findings
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Shyam Patel [2] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [3]
Overview
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia include abnormal complete blood count, immunohistochemistry, and electrophoresis. Monoclonality of kappa and lambda producing B cells is a key diagnostic feature among patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.[1][2]
Laboratory Findings
Complete Blood Count
- Absolute lymphocytosis (>5000 cells/μl)[1][2]
- Decreased hemoglobin concentration
- Decreased platelets count
Blood Smear
Metabolic Panel
- Elevated low-density lipoprotein level[1][2]
Quantitative Immunoglobulin Assay
- Quantitative measurement of IgA, IgG, and IgM immunoglobulins to detect hypogammaglobulinemia[1][2]
- Elevated β2-microglobulin level
Electrophoresis
- Monoclonality of kappa and lambda producing B cells is a key diagnostic feature among patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.[1][2]
Immunohistochemistry
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells typically express CD19, CD20, CD23, and CD5 on the cell surface.[1][2]
Peripheral Blood Cytogenetics
Peripheral blood cytogenetics and FISH determine prognosis in patients with CLL. The most important prognostic feature is the presence of absence of del(17p), which leads to the loss of TP53, a tumor suppressor gene. Presence of del(13q) is a favorable feature. Presence of del(11q) is an adverse prognostic feature.[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Nabhan C, Rosen ST (2014). "Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a clinical review". JAMA. 312 (21): 2265–76. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.14553. PMID 25461996.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukimea. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-cell_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia Accessed on October ,12 2015
- ↑ Kipps TJ, Stevenson FK, Wu CJ, Croce CM, Packham G, Wierda WG; et al. (2017). "Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia". Nat Rev Dis Primers. 3: 16096. doi:10.1038/nrdp.2016.96. PMC 5336551. PMID 28102226.