Merkel cell cancer natural history
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmad Al Maradni, M.D. [2]
Overview
Merkel cell cancer is an aggressive skin tumor that grows rapidly. It usually metastasizes first to regional lymph nodes and then to other distant organs. and spreads to other parts of the body, especially the liver, lungs, brain and bones. Merkel cell carcinoma is a highly aggressive tumor with a mortality rate that approaches 30% to 40% within 3 years of diagnosis. If diagnosed early, Merkel cell cancer has a good prognosis with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 90%.
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
- Merkel cell cancer is an aggressive skin tumor that grows rapidly.
- It usually metastasizes first to regional lymph nodes and then to other distant organs. and spreads to other parts of the body, especially the liver, lungs, brain and bones.
Complications
Common complications of [disease name] include:
- [Complication 1]
- [Complication 2]
- [Complication 3]
Prognosis
- Merkel cell carcinoma is a highly aggressive tumor with a mortality rate that approaches 30% to 40% within 3 years of diagnosis.
- If diagnosed early, merkel cell cancer has a good prognosis with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 90%.
- The prognosis depend on the following:[1][2]
- Stage at diagnosis (1st most potent prognostic factor)
- Lymph Node involvement (2nd most important prognostic factor)
- Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) viral load also play an significant role in prognosis of merkel cell cancer
- Cancer location
- Cancer depth
- Primary vs recurrent
- Lymphovascular invasion in merkel cell cancer patients associated with poor prognosis
- Intratumoral lymphocyte infiltration in merkel cell cancer patients associated with good prognosis due to presence of CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration[3]
- p63 expression in merkel cell cancer patients associated with poor prognosis
References
- ↑ Andea AA, Coit DG, Amin B, Busam KJ (November 2008). "Merkel cell carcinoma: histologic features and prognosis". Cancer. 113 (9): 2549–58. doi:10.1002/cncr.23874. PMID 18798233.
- ↑ Paulson KG, Iyer JG, Tegeder AR, Thibodeau R, Schelter J, Koba S, Schrama D, Simonson WT, Lemos BD, Byrd DR, Koelle DM, Galloway DA, Leonard JH, Madeleine MM, Argenyi ZB, Disis ML, Becker JC, Cleary MA, Nghiem P (April 2011). "Transcriptome-wide studies of merkel cell carcinoma and validation of intratumoral CD8+ lymphocyte invasion as an independent predictor of survival". J. Clin. Oncol. 29 (12): 1539–46. doi:10.1200/JCO.2010.30.6308. PMC 3082974. PMID 21422430.
- ↑ Fields RC, Busam KJ, Chou JF, Panageas KS, Pulitzer MP, Allen PJ, Kraus DH, Brady MS, Coit DG (September 2011). "Five hundred patients with Merkel cell carcinoma evaluated at a single institution". Ann. Surg. 254 (3): 465–73, discussion 473–5. doi:10.1097/SLA.0b013e31822c5fc1. PMID 21865945.