Appendix cancer echocardiography and ultrasound
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soroush Seifirad, M.D.[2]
Overview
Ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of appendix tumors, appendix mucucele, and appendicitis as the most prevalent complication of appendiceal cancers. Findings on an ultrasound suggestive of/diagnostic of [disease name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
There are no echocardiography findings associated with appendix cancer. However, an echocardiography may be helpful in the diagnosis of complications of carcinoid tumor; If a patient develop carcinoid syndrome transthoracic echocardiography is the method of choice in the diagnosis and follow-up of carcinoid heart disease.
Ultrasound
- There are no specific ultrasound findings associated with appendix cancer.
- Ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of appendix mucucele, and acute appendicitis as the most prevalent complication of appendiceal cancers.
- The following might be presented in ultrasonographic study of the patients with appendiceal cancer:
- Dilated appendix
- Periappendiceal fluid collection
- Distinct appendix wall layers
Echocardiography
- There are no echocardiography findings associated with appendix cancer.
- However, an echocardiography may be helpful in the diagnosis of complications of carcinoid tumor; If a patient develop carcinoid syndrome transthoracic echocardiography is the method of choice in the diagnosis and follow-up of carcinoid heart disease.[4]
- Findings on an echocardiography suggestive of carcinoid heart disease include:
- Tricuspid regurgitation
- Thickening and retraction of immobile tricuspid valve leaflets
- Immobility of the pulmonary valve cusps
References
- ↑ Pinto F, Pinto A, Russo A, Coppolino F, Bracale R, Fonio P, Macarini L, Giganti M (2013). "Accuracy of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in adult patients: review of the literature". Crit Ultrasound J. 5 Suppl 1: S2. doi:10.1186/2036-7902-5-S1-S2. PMC 3711731. PMID 23902717.
- ↑ Mostbeck G, Adam EJ, Nielsen MB, Claudon M, Clevert D, Nicolau C, Nyhsen C, Owens CM (2016). "How to diagnose acute appendicitis: ultrasound first". Insights Imaging. 7 (2): 255–63. doi:10.1007/s13244-016-0469-6. PMC 4805616. PMID 26883138.
- ↑ Hussain S, Rahman A, Abbasi T, Aziz T (2014). "Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in acute appendicitis". J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 26 (1): 12–7. PMID 25358207.
- ↑ Pellikka PA, Tajik AJ, Khandheria BK, Seward JB, Callahan JA, Pitot HC, Kvols LK (April 1993). "Carcinoid heart disease. Clinical and echocardiographic spectrum in 74 patients". Circulation. 87 (4): 1188–96. PMID 7681733.