Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma secondary prevention
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Differentiating Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma from other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
There are no established measures for the secondary prevention of [disease name].
OR
Effective measures for the secondary prevention of [disease name] include [strategy 1], [strategy 2], and [strategy 3].
Secondary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
There are no established measures for the secondary prevention of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia.
One or more of the following treatments can be given for lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma.
Watchful waiting
Watchful waiting (also called active surveillance) may be offered for lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma because it develops slowly and may not need to be treated right away. The healthcare team will carefully monitor the person with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma and start treatment when symptoms appear, such as hyperviscosity syndrome, or there are signs that the disease is progressing more quickly.
Chemotherapy
- People with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma who have symptoms or hyperviscosity syndrome are usually given chemotherapy. Chemotherapy drugs that may be used with or without prednisone include:
- Chlorambucil (Leukeran)
- Fludarabine (Fludara)
- Bendamustine (Treanda)
- Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan, Procytox)
- Combinations of chemotherapy drugs that may be used include:
- DRC – dexamethasone (Decadron, Dexasone), rituximab (Rituxan) and cyclophosphamide
- BRD – bortezomib (Velcade) and rituximab, with or without dexamethasone
- CVP – cyclophosphamide, vincristine (Oncovin) and prednisone
- R-CVP – CVP with rituximab
- Thalidomide (Thalomid) and rituximab
Targeted therapy
- Targeted therapy uses drugs to target specific molecules (such as proteins) on the surface of cancer cells. These molecules help send signals that tell cells to grow or divide. By targeting these molecules, the drugs stop the growth and spread of cancer cells while limiting harm to normal cells.
- Targeted therapy drugs used alone or in combination to treat lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma include rituximab, bortezomib and ibrutinib (Imbruvica).
Immunotherapy
- Immunotherapy works by stimulating, boosting, restoring or acting like the body’s immune system to create a response against cancer cells. Immunomodulatory drugs are a type of immunotherapy that interferes with the growth and division of cancer cells.
- Thalidomide is a type of immunomodulatory drug that may be used to treat lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma.
Radiation therapy
External beam radiation therapy may be used to treat lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma that develops outside of the lymphatic system (called extralymphatic disease), but this is rare.
Stem cell transplant
- Some people with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma may be offered a stem cell transplant.
- It may be used if the lymphoma comes back (recurs) after treatment or doesn’t respond to other treatments (called refractory disease).
- Many people with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma are older or may not be in good health, so a stem cell transplant may not be a good treatment option for them.