Basal cell carcinoma natural history
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saarah T. Alkhairy, M.D.
Overview
Basal cell carcinoma is slow-growing and locally invasive. Common complications of BCC commonly include reccurrence and development of other types of skin cancer. Prognosis is usually excellent, but the tumor is usually locally invasive and may be destructive.
Natural History
- Patients with basal cell carcinoma are often asymptomatic.
- They often report a slowly enlarging lesion which does not heal and bleeds when traumatized.
- It is locally invasive and destructive so the name rodent cancer.
- The overall risk of metastases is estimated to be less than 0.1%
- The risk of invasion and recurrence is based on size, duration, location and subtype (sclerodermiform/morpheaform and micronodular clinical variants have a higher risk)
- Even without a recurrence, a personal history of basal cell carcinoma increases the risk of developing all types of skin cancers.
Complications
Complications of basal cell carcinoma are the following:
- Reccurrence
- Aggresive forms of basal cell carcinoma usually invade bone, nerves, and muscles
Prognosis
- Prognosis of basal cell carcinoma is usually excellent[1][2].
- These lesions are typically slow growing, and metastatic disease is a very rare event.
- BCCs will cause considerable disfigurement by locally destroying skin, cartilage, and even bone.
- Recurrence is a issue with basal cell carcinoma.
- Approximately 50% of recurrences are apparent within the first two years.
References
- ↑ Czarnecki, D. (1998). "The prognosis of patients with basal and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin". International Journal of Dermatology. 37 (9): 656–658. doi:10.1046/j.1365-4362.1998.00559.x. ISSN 0011-9059.
- ↑ Correia de Sá TR, Silva R, Lopes JM (November 2015). "Basal cell carcinoma of the skin (part 2): diagnosis, prognosis and management". Future Oncol. 11 (22): 3023–38. doi:10.2217/fon.15.245. PMID 26449265.