Solitary pulmonary nodule Primary Prevention
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]
Overview
Primary prevention of solitary pulmonary nodule includes avoidance of active and passive smoking, exposure to asbestos, and high risk occupational jobs.
Primary Prevention
The following preventive measures may reduce the risk of malignancy among patients with pulmonary nodules:[1]
- Avoidance of active and passive smoking[2]
- Avoid or limit exposure to cancer-causing chemicals
- Eating a healthy and balanced diet
- Foods with high content of beta carotene, retinoids, selenium, and multivitamins demonstrate a protective effect against malignancy in pulmonary nodules.[3]
Reference
- ↑ Khuri FR (2003). "Primary and secondary prevention of non-small-cell lung cancer: the SPORE Trials of Lung Cancer Prevention". Clin Lung Cancer. 5 Suppl 1: S36–40. PMID 14641993.
- ↑ Samet JM. Health benefits of smoking cessation.Clin Chest.Med.1991;12:669-679
- ↑ The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention study Group. The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the inci-dence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers.N Engl JMed.1994;330:1029-1035