Hepatopulmonary syndrome CT scan
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soroush Seifirad, M.D.[2]
Overview
Chest CT scan and particularly high resolution ct scan (HRCT) may be helpful in the diagnosis of hepatopulmonary syndrome. Although CT Scan studies are frequently nonspecific and subtle. Findings on CT scan suggestive of hepatopulmonary syndrome include characteristic findings of intrapulmonary vascular dilatation, increased pulmonary artery to bronchus ratios, dilated peripheral pulmonary vessels and barely direct arterio-venous communications. Nevertheless, we should keep in mind that Ct scan is often unremarkable in patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome, and hence a normal radiograph (either chest x-ray (CXR) or CT Scan) does not rule out hepatopulmonary syndrome.
CT scan
Chest CT scan and particularly high resolution ct scan (HRCT) may be helpful in the diagnosis of hepatopulmonary syndrome. Although, CT Scan studies are frequently nonspecific and subtle.[1] Findings on CT scan suggestive of hepatopulmonary syndrome include:[2][3]
- Dilated peripheral pulmonary vessels
- Increased pulmonary artery to bronchus ratios
- Characteristic findings of intrapulmonary vascular dilatations
- Direct arterio-venous communications may be less commonly seen.
- We should keep in mind that Ct scan is often unremarkable in patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome, and hence a normal radiograph (either CXR or CT Scan) does not rule out hepatopulmonary syndrome.
References
- ↑ Chen YA, Prabhudesai V, Castel H, Gupta S (2016) CT Scan Does Not Differentiate Patients with Hepatopulmonary Syndrome from Other Patients with Liver Disease. PLoS One 11 (7):e0158637. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0158637 PMID: 27384058
- ↑ Castro M, Krowka MJ (1996) Hepatopulmonary syndrome. A pulmonary vascular complication of liver disease. Clin Chest Med 17 (1):35-48. PMID: 8665789
- ↑ Krowka MJ, Fallon MB, Kawut SM, Fuhrmann V, Heimbach JK, Ramsay MA et al. (2016) International Liver Transplant Society Practice Guidelines: Diagnosis and Management of Hepatopulmonary Syndrome and Portopulmonary Hypertension. Transplantation 100 (7):1440-52. DOI:10.1097/TP.0000000000001229 PMID: 27326810