Arnold-Chiari malformation causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.

Overview

The cause of [disease name] has not been identified. To review risk factors for the development of [disease name], click here.

Common risk factors in the development of Arnold-Chiari malformation include:^[1]^[2]
- Lumbar-peritoneal shunt
- Multiple lumbar puncture

Less common risk factors in the development of Arnold-Chiari malformation include:^[3]^[4]^[5]
- Vitamin D-resistant rickets
- Craniosynostosis
- Osteopetrosis

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. There are no life-threatening causes of disease name, however complications resulting from untreated disease name is common.
Life-threatening causes of [symptom/manifestation] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
[Cause] is a life-threatening cause of [disease].

Common causes of [disease name] may include:

OR

Less common causes of [disease name] include:

↑ Payner, Troy D.; Prenger, Erin; Berger, Thomas S.; Crone, Kerry R. (1994). "Acquired Chiari Malformations". Neurosurgery. 34 (3): 429–434. doi:10.1227/00006123-199403000-00007. ISSN 0148-396X.
↑ Payner, Troy D.; Prenger, Erin; Berger, Thomas S.; Crone, Kerry R. (1994). "Acquired Chiari Malformations". Neurosurgery. 34 (3): 429–434. doi:10.1227/00006123-199403000-00007. ISSN 0148-396X.
↑ Kuether, Todd A.; Piatt, Joseph H. (1998). "Chiari Malformation Associated with Vitamin D-resistant Rickets: Case Report". Neurosurgery. 42 (5): 1168–1171. doi:10.1097/00006123-199805000-00134. ISSN 0148-396X.
↑ Cinalli, Giuseppe; Spennato, Pietro; Sainte-Rose, Christian; Arnaud, Eric; Aliberti, Ferdinando; Brunelle, Francis; Cianciulli, Emilio; Renier, Dominique (2005). "Chiari malformation in craniosynostosis". Child's Nervous System. 21 (10): 889–901. doi:10.1007/s00381-004-1115-z. ISSN 0256-7040.
↑ Dlouhy, Brian J.; Menezes, Arnold H. (2011). "Osteopetrosis with Chiari I malformation: presentation and surgical management". Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics. 7 (4): 369–374. doi:10.3171/2011.1.PEDS10353. ISSN 1933-0707.