Eisenmenger’s syndrome physical examination

Eisenmenger’s syndrome Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Eisenmenger’s syndrome from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X-ray
Echocardiography and Ultrasound
CT scan
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Eisenmenger’s syndrome ACC/AHA Guidelines for Evaluation of Patients
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
ACC/AHA Guidelines for Reproduction
Eisenmenger’s syndrome physical examination On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Eisenmenger’s syndrome physical examination All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Eisenmenger’s syndrome physical examination
CDC on Eisenmenger’s syndrome physical examination
Eisenmenger’s syndrome physical examination in the news
Blogs on Eisenmenger’s syndrome physical examination
Directions to Hospitals Treating Type page name here
Risk calculators and risk factors for Eisenmenger’s syndrome physical examination

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk, MD[2]

Overview

The general examination of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome may show cyanosis, dermal changes, clubbing, peripheral edema, and abdominal swelling. Cardiac examination may show A wave dominant jugular venous pulse, right ventricular heave, high-pitched early diastolic murmur of pulmonary insufficiency, right-sided S4, pulmonary ejection click, single palpable S₂, and loud P₂.

Physical Examination

Appearance of the Patient

• Patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome usually appear lethargic and cyanotic.

Vital Signs

• Tachycardia
• Tachypnea
• Postural hypotension

Skin

Skin examination of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome usually shows:

• Plethora
• Livedo reticularis
• Profound acrocyanosis
• Urate depositions
• Ecchymosis
• Ischemic skin ulcerations

HEENT

• HEENT examination of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome is usually normal.

Neck

• Jugular venous distension
• Hepatojugular reflux

Lungs

• Pulmonary examination of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome is usually normal.

Heart

• Jugular venous pulse wave may be A wave dominant
• Precordial palpation reveals a right ventricular heave
• High-pitched early diastolic murmur of pulmonary insufficiency
• Right-sided S4
• Pulmonary ejection click
• Single palpable S₂
• Loud P₂

Abdomen

• Hepatomegaly
• Jaundice
• Right upper abdominal quadrant tenderness

Back

• Back examination of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome is usually normal.

Genitourinary

• Genitourinary examination of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome is usually normal.

Neuromuscular

• Neuromuscular examination of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome is usually normal.

Extremities

• Cyanosis
• Clubbing
• Peripheral edema