Tricuspid atresia natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Keri Shafer, M.D. [2] Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [3] Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [4]

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Early clinical features in infants include cyanosis of lips and tongue, difficulty in breathing, tiring easily during feeding. the severity of cyanosis in infants with pulmonary stenosis is dependent on the amount of pulmonary blood flow passing through patent ductus arteriosus. After physiologic PDA closure, the cyanosis will be aggravated. In patients with normal pulmonary blood flow, complications of heart failure occur. Prognosis is generally poor without surgery and 90% of patients will die before 10 years old. The 15-year survival of patients with Fontan procedure is approximately %92 according to Merry et al.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Complications

• Irregular, fast heart rhythms (arrhythmias)
• Chronic diarrhea (from a disease called protein losing enteropathy)
• Heart failure
• Fluid in the abdomen (ascites) and in the lungs (pleural effusion)
• Blockage of the artificial shunt
• Strokes and other neurological complications
• Sudden death

Prognosis

• The prognosis is poor in untreated patients.