Pulmonic regurgitation historical perspective
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Pulmonic regurgitation Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Kuchkuntla, M.B.B.S[2], Aysha Anwar, M.B.B.S[3]
Overview
The pulmonary valve and its function of allowing blood to the lungs for nourishment was first described by Hippocrates. Erasistratus, mentioned the involvement of the pulmonary valve in the unidirectional flow. Realdo Colombo described the pulmonary circulation for the first time.
Historical perspective
- The pulmonary valve and its function of allowing blood to the lungs for nourishment was first described by Hippocrates.[1]
- Erasistratus, mentioned the involvement of the pulmonary valve in the unidirectional flow.[1]
- Galen described the membranes of the valves and named them as "semilunar".[1]
- Mondino de Luzzi designed the sketch of the pulmonary valves in the anatomical position for the first time.[1]
- Realdo Colombo described the pulmonary circulation for the first time.[1]
- Graham-Steell murmur: In 1888, Dr. Graham Steel first described the pulmonic regurgitation murmur in his two publications in Manchester Medical Chronicle. He attributed an early blowing diastolic murmur over and below the pulmonic area to the longstanding pressure in the pulmonary artery, independet of any disease or deformity of the valves. The murmur due to pulmonary hypertension has since been named after the person himself, Graham Steel murmur.[2][3]
- Due to the transient, soft nature of the murmur and and resemblance with aortic regurgitation, the need to illustrate the regurgitation by another method arose. In 1958, Wanzer et al. first described the use of Evans blue dye to diagnose the pulmonic valve regurgitation.[4] In 1959, Collins et al. used cardiogreen dye and radioactive krypton (Kr85) to demonstrate the regurge.[5]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Paraskevas, G.; Koutsouflianiotis, K.; Iliou, K. (2017). "The first descriptions of various anatomical structures and embryological remnants of the heart: A systematic overview". International Journal of Cardiology. 227: 674–690. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.10.077. ISSN 0167-5273.
- ↑ Fraser AG, Weston CF (1991). "The Graham Steell murmur: eponymous serendipity?". J R Coll Physicians Lond. 25 (1): 66–70. PMC 5377079. PMID 2023159.
- ↑ "GRAHAM STEELL (1851-1942)--GRAHAM STEELL MURMUR". JAMA. 191: 671. 1965. PMID 14242430.
- ↑ WANZER Sh, CUDKOWICZ L, DALEY R (1960). "[Diagnosis of pulmonary regurgitation by a dye method]". Br Heart J. 22: 720–2. doi:10.1136/hrt.22.5.720. PMC 1017718. PMID 13783078.
- ↑ Collins, N. Perryman; Braunwald, Eugene; Morrow, Andrew G. (1959). "Detection of Pulmonic and Tricuspid Valvular Regurgitation by Means of Indicator Solutions". Circulation. 20 (4): 561–568. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.20.4.561. ISSN 0009-7322.