COVID-19 and HIV co-infection
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COVID-19 and HIV co-infection On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of COVID-19 and HIV co-infection |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for COVID-19 and HIV co-infection |
For COVID-19 frequently asked inpatient questions, click here
For COVID-19 frequently asked outpatient questions, click here
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Harmeet Kharoud M.D.[2]
Synonyms and keywords:
Overview
- An observational prospective study found out that the incidence of HIV-infected individuals to be affected by SARS-CoV-2 was similar to the general population.
- Specific antiretroviral therapy did not affect COVID-19 severity.
- Immunosuppression(low CD4 cell counts) was associated with COVID-19 severity.
- Patients with HIV infection often have other comorbidities(lung disease, cardiovascular disease) therefore, increasing the risk for severe-COVID-19 disease.
- Patients with HIV infection with CD4 cell count<200/mm3 are at increased risk for complications from other respiratory infections. However, we do not know if this is the scenario with COVID-19.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk
- At present people with HIV who are at greatest risk of Severe COVID-19 infection are people -
- who have lowCD4 cell count.
- not on antiretroviral therapy.
Presentation
- There hasn't been any observable difference in clinical presentation among people with HIV infection as compared to the general population.
- Common symptoms for COVID-19 are
- Fever or chills
- Cough[1]
- Shortness of Breath or difficulty breathing
- Fatigue
- Muscle or Body aches
- Headache
- New loss of taste or smell
- Sore Throat
- Congestion or runny nose
- Nausea or vomiting
- Diarrhea
Specific Populations with HIV
Pregnancy
- Pregnant individuals with HIV are at greater risk for severe illness, morbidity, or mortality as compared with the general population due to coronavirus infections(SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV) and other viral respiratory infections like influenza. Data related to COVID-19 is limited but pregnant individuals with HIV are suspected to be at greater risk due to SARS-COV-2 similarity with other coronaviruses (SARS-CoV and MERS).
- They are suspected to be at increased risk of preterm delivery, adverse neonatal outcomes, however, data is very limited.[2]
Recommendations for Patients with HIV
- Maintain the supply for antiretroviral therapy for a minimum of 30 days.
- Virtual visit and telemedicine should be considered for non-urgent care and non-adherence counseling
- People with suppressed HIV viral load and in stable health, should postpone their routine medical care and laboratory visits to the extent possible.
- If they develop symptoms of COVID-19 like fever, cough, shortness of breath, etc they should seek medical advice.
- They should make sure their vaccination status is updated.
Screening
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
Complications
Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Medical Therapy
References
- ↑ {{cite web |url://www.chkd.org/uploadedFiles/Documents/COVID-19/CHKD%20MIS-C%20Guideline%20D2.pdf >
- ↑ "Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Pregnancy: What Maternal-Fetal Medicine Subspecialists Need
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