22q11.2 deletion syndrome epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] Ayushi Jain, M.B.B.S[3]
Overview
22q11.2 deletion syndrome affects an estimated 25 in 100,000 live births. Microdeletion of 22q11.2 is the most common microdeletion syndrome, affecting approximately 0.1% of fetuses. The rate of 22q11.2 microdeletion in live births occurs at an estimated rate of 1 in 4000 to 6000.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence and Prevalence
22q11.2 deletion syndrome affects an estimated 25 in 100,000 live births . The condition may be more common, however, because some people with the deletion have few signs and symptoms and may not have been diagnosed. Microdeletion of 22q11.2 is the most common microdeletion syndrome, affecting approximately 0.1% of fetuses.. The rate of 22q11.2 microdeletion in live births occurs at an estimated rate of 1 in 4000 to 6000.[1] There are several explanations for the variance in fetal versus live birth prevalence. Firstly, current evidence may not comprise a large enough population. Secondly, 22q11.2 microdeletions may produce embryonically lethal phenotypes, which was observable in animal studies.
The prevalence of 22q11.2 microdeletion may be more common than supported in literature due to several factors. Firstly, not every patient with this microdeletion presents with several craniofacial abnormalities and hence does not undergo genetic testing. African-American children, for example, may not have the craniofacial abnormalities characteristic of DGS in other races. Secondly, access to healthcare, specifically genetic testing, is not available to every individual that might have the microdeletion, regardless of the severity of craniofacial dysmorphism. Further population studies are therefore needed to fully understand the extent and spectrum of 22q11.2 microdeletions in different populations..