Nausea and vomiting historical perspective
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Overview
Historical perspective
. In 1865, Gianuzzi speculated on the possible existence of a regulating center of the emetic reflex located in the brain .
Thumas, in 1881, pointed to an area on the floor of the fourth ventricle in animals which, if damaged, made apomorphine’s emetic action impossible
. Retzius had, perhaps, produced the most important work on the macroscopic anatomy of the encephalon in the 19th century3 . In it, for the first time, a structure was described on the floor of the fourth ventricle, adjacent to the nucleus of the solitary tract, named by him as the area postrema (AP), in a free translation from Latin, the hindmost area.
, Wilson in 1906, in a descriptive work on the human bulb, mentioned the AP as being richly vascularized, as well as detailing histological aspects and pointing out the high density of neurons in that structure
. In 1924, Wislocki and Putnam speculated about the postrema region as an area of diffusion between blood and cerebrospinal fluid, after observing dye granules deposited in the perivascular space, especially among ependymal cells .
Discovery
- In 1830, Marshall Hall was the first to discover the reflex theory and the association between nervous mechanisms and the development of nausea and vomiting.