Menopause causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Rahmah Al-Edresi, M.D.[2]

Overview

Common causes of menopause include of age, certain medical condition include Autoimmune diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Thyroid disease. Complications of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and surgical causes include bilateral oophorectomy, hysterectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy, and complication of tubal ligation. Less common causes include chronic fatigue syndrome and HIV. Genetic causes include Fragile X Syndrome and Turner’s syndrome

Causes

Common causes:

• Age: As women age, menopause occurs naturally in women between 49 and 52 of age at an average. There are several factors that affect menopause onsets such as the age of women at menarche, age at first childbirth, number of pregnancies, oral contraceptives, irregular menses, body mass index, use of tobacco, and alcohol.

• Certain health conditions: Autoimmune diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Thyroid disease, and Primary ovarian insufficiency

• Chemotherapy or radiotherapy: Treatments of cancer can damage ovaries and stop of menstrual cycle.

• Surgical causes: Bilateral oophorectomy (remove ovaries), salpingo-oophorectomy (remove ovaries with Fallopian tubes), and Hysterectomy (remove of the uterus), and complication of tubal ligation.

Less common causes:

• Chronic fatigue syndrome, women with chronic fatigue syndrome are more likely to have early or premature menopause.

• HIV and AIDS, women with HIV whose infection is not well controlled with medicine may experience early menopause. Women with HIV may also have more severe hot flashes than women without HIV.

Genetic cause:

• Fragile X Syndrome gene
• Missing chromosomes such as Turner’s syndrome