Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis historical perspective
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kalsang Dolma, M.B.B.S.[2]
Historical Perspective
A French physician named Ribes is the first one to report a case of cerebral vein thrombosis(CVT) in a 45 years old woman who presented with headaches and seizures. Autopsy findings revealed that there were superior sagittal and lateral sinus thrombosis causing the symptoms. This is the first case report defining the features of cerebral vein thrombosis. The relationship between cerebral vein thrombosis and pregnancy was revealed a few years later when John Abercrombie, physician to King George IV, reported a case of a 24years old female who died 2 weeks after delivery due to status epilepticus and her autopsy showed thrombosis in superior sagittal sinus and cortical veins.In the second half of the 20th century, introduction of catheter cerebral angiography helped to conduct larger clinical studies and more information about clinical characteristics, risk factors of CVT has been available.[1]
The first description of thrombosis of the cerebral veins and sinuses is attributed to the French physician Ribes, who in 1825 observed thrombosis of the saggital sinus and cerebral veins in a man who had suffered from seizures and delirium.[2] Until the second half of the 20th century it remained a diagnosis generally made after death.[3] In the 1940s, reports by Dr. Charles Symonds and others allowed for the clinical diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis, using characteristic signs and symptoms and results of lumbar puncture.[4][5]
Improvements on the diagnosis of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in life were made with the introduction of venography in 1951,[6] which also aided in the distinction from idiopathic intracranial hypertension,[7] which has similar presenting signs and symptoms in many cases.[3]
The British gynecologist Stansfield is credited with the introduction, in 1942, of the just recently introduced anticoagulant heparin in the treatment of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in 1942.[3][5] Clinical trials in the 1990s finally resolved the concern about using anticoagulants in most cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.
References
- ↑ Silvis, Suzanne M.; de Sousa, Diana Aguiar; Ferro, José M.; Coutinho, Jonathan M (2017). "Cerebral venous thrombosis". Nature Reviews Neurology. 13 (9): 555–565. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2017.104. ISSN 1759-4758.
- ↑ Ribes MF (1825). "Des recherches faites sur la phlebite". Rev Med Franc Etrang. 3: 5–41.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Bousser MG, Chiras J, Bories J, Castaigne P (1 March 1985). "Cerebral venous thrombosis--a review of 38 cases" (PDF). Stroke. 16 (2): 199–213. PMID 3975957.
- ↑ Symonds CP (1940). "Cerebral thrombophlebitis". Br Med J. 2 (4158): 348–52. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.4158.348. PMC 2179068. PMID 20783290. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ 5.0 5.1 Stansfield FR (1942). "Puerperal cerebral thrombophlebitis treated by heparin". Br Med J. 1 (4239): 436–438. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.4239.436. PMC 2164893. PMID 20784169. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ Ray BS, Dunbar HS, Dotter CT (1951). "Dural sinus venography as an aid to diagnosis in intracranial disease". J. Neurosurg. 8 (1): 23–37. doi:10.3171/jns.1951.8.1.0023. PMID 14804146. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ Ray BS, Dunbar HS (1951). "Thrombosis of the dural venous sinuses as a cause of pseudotumor cerebri". Ann. Surg. 134 (3): 376–86. doi:10.1097/00000658-195113430-00009. PMC 1802934. PMID 14869026. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help)